Education And Egalitarianism In America Essays - Educational Stages

Education And Egalitarianism In America Essays - Educational Stages Education And Egalitarianism In America The American educator Horace Mann once said: As an apple is not in any proper sense an apple until it is ripe, so a human being is not in any proper sense a human being until he is educated. Education is the process through which people endeavor to pass along to their children their hard-won wisdom and their aspirations for a better world. This process begins shortly after birth, as parents seek to train the infant to behave as their culture demands. They soon, for instance, teach the child how to turn babbling sounds into language and, through example and precept, they try to instill in the child the attitudes, values, skills, and knowledge that will govern their offspring's behavior throughout later life. Schooling, or formal education, consists of experiences that are deliberately planned and utilized to help young people learn what adults consider important for them to know and to help teach them how they should respond to choices. This education has been influenced by three impo rtant parts of modern American society: wisdom of the heart, egalitarianism, and practicality... the greatest of these, practicality. In the absence of written records, no one can be sure what education man first provided for his children. Most anthropologists believe, though, that the educational practices of prehistoric times were probably like those of primitive tribes in the 20th century, such as the Australian aborigines and the Aleuts. Formal instruction was probably given just before the child's initiation into adulthood the puberty rite and involved tribal customs and beliefs too complicated to be learned by direct experience. Children learned most of the skills, duties, customs, and beliefs of the tribe through an informal apprenticeship by taking part in such adult activities as hunting, fishing, farming, toolmaking, and cooking. In such simple tribal societies, school was not a special place... it was life itself. However, the educational process has changed over the decades, and it now vaguely represents what it was in ancient times, or even in early American society. While the schools that the colonists established in the 17th century in the New England, Southern, and Middle colonies differed from one another, each reflected a concept of schooling that had been left behind in Europe. Most poor children learned through apprenticeship and had no formal schooling at all. Those who did go to elementary school were taught reading, writing, arithmetic, and religion. Learning consisted of memorizing, which was stimulated by whipping. The first basic textbook, The New England Primer, was America's own contribution to education. Used from 1690 until the beginning of the 19th century, its purpose was to teach both religion and reading. The child learning the letter a, for example, also learned that In Adam's fall, We sinned all. As in Europe, then, the schools in the colonies were strongly influenced by religion. This was particularly true of the schools in the New England area, which had been settled by Puritans and other English religious dissenters. Like the Protestants of the Reformation, who established vernacular elementary schools in Germany in the 16th century, the Puritans sought to make education universal. They took the first steps toward government-supported universal education in the colonies. In 1642, Puritan Massachusetts passed a law requiring that every child be taught to read. And, in 1647, it passed the Old Deluder Satan Act, so named because its purpose was to defeat Satan's attempts to keep men, through an inability to read, from the knowledge of the Scriptures. The law required every town of 50 or more families to establish an elementary school and every town of 100 or more families to maintain a grammar school as well. Puritan or not, virtually all of the colonial schools had clear-cut moral purposes. Skills and knowledge were considered important to the degree that they served religious ends and, of course, trained the mind. We call it wisdom of the heart. These matters, by definition, are anything that the heart is convinced of... so thoroughly convinced that it over-powers the judgement of the mind. Early schools supplied the students with moral lessons, not just reading, writing and arithmetic. Obviously, the founders saw it necessary to apply these techniques, most likely feeling

3 More Misplaced Modifiers

3 More Misplaced Modifiers 3 More Misplaced Modifiers 3 More Misplaced Modifiers By Mark Nichol Additional information must be placed carefully in a sentence to ensure that it is associated with the correct part of the sentence. Here are three sentences with misplaced modifiers, plus discussions and revisions. 1. â€Å"John Smith was the school’s first Lombardi Award winner in 1979, given to college football’s best lineman.† This sentence implies that John Smith was the first of two or more teammates to win the Lombardi Award in 1979, and that 1979 was given to college football’s best lineman. However, the award is given to only one student-athlete each year, and â€Å"given to college football’s best lineman† modifies â€Å"Lombardi Award,† not 1979 (and not winner, so â€Å"in 1979† cannot be shifted to the end of the sentence without further modification of the sentence). This revision correctly places the modifying phrase and alters the verb phrase to allow â€Å"in 1979† to follow the parenthetical description of the award: â€Å"John Smith won USC’s first Lombardi Award, given to college football’s best lineman, in 1979.† 2. â€Å"The superintendent spoke about a Nazi-themed assignment given to students at a news conference.† According to this statement, the students were given the assignment at a news conference. To clarify that the assignment was discussed, not assigned, at the conference, the reference to the conference should begin the sentence: â€Å"At a news conference, the superintendent spoke about a Nazi-themed assignment given to students.† 3. â€Å"Hydrogen and oxygen do not need an enzyme to create water because of their perfect valence electron pairing.† The part of the sentence starting with because modifies the rest of the sentence. But the location of the modifying phrase sets up the possibility that the discussion will have a â€Å"not because [this], but because [that]† structure. For a clear reading of the sentence, start with the modifying phrase: â€Å"Because of their perfect valence electron pairing, hydrogen and oxygen do not need an enzyme to create water.† Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Yours faithfully or Yours sincerely?Five Spelling Rules for "Silent Final E"Rite, Write, Right, Wright

College Math Unit 2IP Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

College Math Unit 2IP - Essay Example The number of hours of television watched the most peaked at the age of 15. C. Find the slope of the line. Show all work to receive full credit. Slope = y2 - y1 / x2 - x1 (6 - 18)/ (35 -20) (-12)/(15) = -4/5 D. Write a sentence that explains the meaning of the slope. The negative sign in the slope shows a negative relationship between age and number of hours TV watched. The figure shows that as a person age by four years he gives up five hours of TV watched. E. Find the equation of the line that represents the number of hours of television watched. Show all work to receive full credit. y = mx + b For b. 6 = (-4/5) (35) + b 6 = -28 + b B = 34 Thus, the equation is: y = -4/5x + 34 4. The equationrepresents the total cost to run Johnny's Pizza place for a day. C symbolizes the total cost to open the pizza place, and x stands for the number of pizzas sold. A. Find the y-intercept of this graph and explain what it means in the context of the problem. Show all work to receive full credit. y intercept = value of y when x = 0 Thus, C = 2.50 x + 300 Substitute x with 0, C = 2.50 (0) + 300 C = 300. In the context of the problem, the y intercept shows the costs that Johnny's Pizza place will incur if it produces no pizza. Economically speaking, this refers to the fixed costs which the company has to incur even if it doesn't operate. B. Explain the slope of the line. The slope of the line is 2.50. This is the variable cost of producing a unit of pizza. It means that a pizza produced will add an additional 2.50 to the total costs. C. Graph the equation. 5. The director of a summer day camp estimates that 100 children will join if the camp fee is $250, but for each...However, the three in consideration even shrink from 21feet to 16 inches from years 20 to 25. In this year, the tree can be considered old and more brittle thus, becoming more easily destroyed by natural calamities like typhoon. The graph shows the relationship between the age of an individual and the number of hours the individual spends watching television. It can be seen that the survey or study covers an age group of 15 to 35 years old as plotted in the x ayis. The y axis shows the number of hours of TV watched which ranges from 0 to 25 hours. In the context of the problem, the y intercept shows the costs that Johnny's Pizza place will incur if it produces no pizza. Economically speaking, this refers to the fixed costs which the company has to incur even if it doesn't operate. A. Determine the linear equation that will represent the number of children who will enroll at a given fee. Hint: To write the slope, you need two points on the line. Show all work to receive full credit.

Frankenstein Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 6

Frankenstein - Essay Example In their writings, they use various images of the monster depending on the time they write the stories. The romantic period was basically characterized by a departure from the techniques and ideas of the preceding literary period. The literary period was more rational and scientific in nature. By contrast, romantic prose and poetry was used for expressing a new and visionary relationship to the imagination (Hobbler 14). The romantic poems always sought a way to capture and represent the experience and sublime moment. Therefore, the more personal the moment was, the better it was (Shelley 21). Many speakers in the romantic poems, for example, can not be virtually distinguished from the authors themselves. In her story about the Frankenstein the monster, Mary Shelley uses the aforementioned style to embrace and simultaneously contest this romantic idea. The moment in which she describes the Frankenstein is not a moment recalled from her personal experience. This moment is not a contemplative type of moment in nature (Fite 17). In addition, the moment she uses is not her own narrative voice but she still portrays a particular quest to achieve the sublime. Off course, that quest is the effort made by Victor Frankenstein to creature a living creature from laboratory raw materials. The quest creates some curiosity since it occurs with the confines of Victor Frankenstein’s secluded laboratory, unlike other natural environments of most romantic texts (Shelley 28). Victor Frankenstein believed that the creature would have been a blessing to him as its creator. He is a romantic character to an extent that he reflected the emphasis of romantic writers on a new way of seeing. Romantics believed that it took individual and collective imagination to create a new understanding of the world as well as leading to a perfect version of human beings and societies they lived in

Getting Well at Get Well Essay example -- Medicine Physical Therapy Pa

Getting Well at Get Well In this ethnography I will take a look at the differences brought into my place of employment, a physical therapy clinic, which we will call Get Well. I explored the viewpoints of patients, therapists, and the physical therapy aides like myself on the issues of either the job or therapy. I wanted to get a look at the different ideas of patients and my co-workers because our age rages are so distinct. We treat elderly patients and students in junior high school. The different ages bring on different opinions of what therapy really is to some people. This is yet another example of how everyone has their own opinions and views on things. In the essay written by Kenneth L. Pike entitled, A Stereoscopic Window On The World, he explains the differences of etic and emic perspectives when conducting an ethnography. He states, â€Å"Different people may see the same event in different ways.† He explains this throughout his essay. As is my study my view as an outsider would be considered the etic view and the patients would be considered the emic perspective. Pike begins with an example of his own experience of interpreting situations with others. He and another woman had two opposite takes on the same situation. The essay then goes on to explain the difference in situations with reference to the etic and emic perspectives. Get Well is a fairly large facility located in a middle-class society mostly made up of Caucasians. This middle-class society is the small town of Romeo, Michigan. This clinic is located on Van Dyke Road between Thirty-one and Thirty-two mile roads. It is directly across the street from another physical therapy clinic whose patients always believe they are in ... ...hotherapy clinic rather than a physical therapy clinic. You have the young and old and all have similar problems, but yet they are so different. I sometimes get the impression that patients do no want to listen to me because I am so young. The young patients tend to take my instructions more seriously than the elderly do. They would rather hear it from the therapist himself. The major differences in patients’ attitudes all depend on their age. I enjoy working at the clinic because it is such a diverse place and not one day is ever the same. As I learned from my co-worker’s interviews just take everything with a grain of salt. Living with people’s opinions and attitudes is just part of our everyday life. Works Cited Pike, Kenneth. â€Å"A Stereoscopic Window on the World.† 23 February 1998. 9 December 2001 http://www.sil.org/klp/eticemic.htm.

Sacrifice is often necessary to resolve conflict Essay

The power of sacrifice should never be underestimated. Where have the capacity to give up a possession or what is valuable to us for the sake of other’s considerations, tensions and conflict can usually be resolved. As a naà ¯ve and confused teenager, I left the country and all that I had ever known. The idyllic setting of Surrey Hills, where the autumn leaves created a dusty orange wave on the concrete pavement was replaced by a bluestone cottage in a small Belgian town. It was on this French exchange trip where I learned life’s most valuable lessons about conflict and the sacrifices we must make to achieve the greater good and overcome challenges that we face. It wasn’t until I sacrificed my security in entrusting strangers and crushed the barrier of cultural values and etiquette, that I was able to fully integrate into my exchange family and their way of life, and thus overcome the conflict that I was catapulted with. Firstly, conflict is a natural occurrence in human nature and the world that surrounds us. Self-actualization and self-esteem are considered the most rewarding aspects of human achievement. However, a world without conflict is stagnant and unprogressive. Healthy skeptism and the opposing views of one or more people provide us with the basis for progress and to develop as humans. Develop idea Sacrificing what we consider to be important to us, including our moral dignity and wills, is often a necessary step in resolving conflict. Resolving conflict is often dependent on sacrificing not only tangible goods or in some cases lives, it frequently involves going against one’s wills to ultimately come to a balanced agreement with another party. Global conflicts such as war require combatants to make several sacrifices. Firstly, it involves sacrificing one’s unwillingness to kill. A personal account from Australian Solider, Private Cecil Anthony McAnulty, reveals the self-sacrifices of war in the Australian offensive of 1915; â€Å"This is only suicide, boys†¦. â€Å"I’m going to make a jump for it.† Cecil’s expenses, as well as that of many others demonstrate the opposition to one’s wills, often involving their own lives that are associated with the loyalty to one’s country during times of conflict. It is clear that it takes great courage and mental strength to make the decision to kill another human. Fowler too, is forced to make sacrifices when faced with the predicament of inaction. To be ‘engage’ or ‘degage’ both in relationships and in politics remain the  core of Fowler’s dilemmas. Both journalists have the desire to achieve the ‘common good’ however; Mr Heng also reflects that in any conflict â€Å"one has to take sides. If one is to remain human.† Hence, abandoning one’s moral values and consideration of what is morally right, is often required in order to make progress. Similarly, Pyle’s covert intervention on behalf of his government results in the slaughter of Vietnamese civilians. The American is convinced that democracy will ‘save’ Vietnam, but he views the conflict merely through the prism of his own ideological prejudices. Thus, if he and many other Americans had allowed themselves to alter these ideologies, the destructive course in Vietnam may not have been so severe. Thus, making decisions in any situation will involve a missed opportunity or expense. Yet, we must also consider to what extent we risk or sense of moral values during conflict. Good paragraph!! Conflict is often cyclical – to ultimately resolve conflict, we need implement long-term measures and adhere to these obligations. What is clear from encountering conflict, is that entities most likely to lapse into negatively fuelled encounters are those that have been there before. Every post-conflict environment contains the potential seeds for another outburst. The worst horrors in global conflict have usually stemmed from inadequate arrangements for peace building in a previous encounter. The Arusha Peace Agreement in August 1993 is an example of an inappropriate agreement — based on the inconceivability of ceasefire and power sharing arrangements between the Hutus and Tutsis. It was clear that these groups relied on their armies as the instrument of power, and the stark ethnic differences served as an obstacle to the idea of integration. By July 1994 genocide had erupted, constituting as much as 20% of the country’s total population and 70% of the Tutsi’s then living in Rwanda. Thus, it is clear that conflict has is cyclical in nature. A peaceful conclusion is not always possible but often requires a sacrifice beyond a temporary or face value measure. For Fowler, the implications of cyclical conflict are clear. He has the choice of condoning the probable murder of Pyle or infliction further killings of civilians through his Pyle’s Third Force.’ Moral dignity is often on the line when we make such sacrifices. Whilst we can sympathise for Fowler, his decision was justified given that saving that lives of thousand of civilians  outweighs the loss of one. Likewise, the historical wrongs involved in the colonisation of Australia are an example of conflict continuing to haunt the nation today. Indigenous people are subjected to racism in society and are far more likely to be a victim of domest ic violence or drug abuse. Undeniably, Kevin Rudd’s apology speech in February 2008 was not able alter the impacts of the government’s policies that inflicted profound grief, suffering and loss on fellow Australians. Nonetheless, the apology speech was able to â€Å"remove a great stain from the nation’s soul and in the true spirit of reconciliation to open a new chapter in the history of this great land Australia.† Thus, cyclical conflict cannot be dismissed with transient measures. It is only through conflict and making sacrifices that we are able to reconsider what is valuable to us and make progress as individuals. Good TP Whilst conflict involves making noteworthy sacrifices and can often have tragic results, it can also be a catalyst for personal growth and worthwhile social and political change. Often, the results outweigh the implications that the conflict caused and even lead to a greater understanding of what we value as a society. The 1960’s civil rights movement in America can be seen as a necessary social conflict without which, racial injustice would have continued. Rosa Park’s refusal to give up her bus seat to a white man in 1955 sparked intense protests by blacks and concerned whites. However, what is clear is that sometimes defying laws and taking risks is necessary in standing up to racial equality. Similarly, Martin Luther King’s legacy demonstrates that through times of conflict, a sacrifice of laws and risk is necessary to stand against racial inequality. Whilst white extremist groups such as the Klu Klux Klan, embarked upon a campaign against black Americans and their white supporters, the dedication of leaders such as Martin Luther King demonstrate the reconsideration of achieving the greater good for American society and integration for all blacks. What is clear from reading The Quiet American and researching The Vietnam War, is that the result of the conflict had wide-reaching effects on both the communities of Vietnam and global response. With the illicit killings of thousands of innocent civilians in the name of communism containment, the public’s reaction was far from approving. After the withdrawal of American troops from Vietnam, the nation was able to reassess what should be the motivation behind involving in conflict. That is – not an  intervention into a war that is not ‘ours’ nor the suffering and grief of the innocent civilizations as a result of this intervention. Thus, through conflict and the tensions that it encounters, it is possibly for a nation to reaffirm what is morally and ethically right and thus make progress as a diplomatic wester society. Conclusion needs a greater impact: During times of conflict a sacrifice is often required to achieve a resolution. Whether that is our moral dignity, wills, values or cultural identities, this risk is needed also to reduce the risk of counter-conflict. However, what is clear is that the resolution of war, tensions and injustice can outweigh the impacts of the conflict. Through this, we are able to reconsider what is valuable and progress as humans and nations. Written Explanation: My piece is a predominantly expository essay and includes a small extract of personal reflection. This structure allowed me to employ to conventions of a traditional essay whilst the reflection serves as an introduction to what I perceive to be the implications of conflict. Cumulatively, the sophisticated tone and reasoned arguments serve as my base. I have chosen formal language so to ensure my arguments sound reasoned and sophisticated. Additionally, the descriptive and poetic language in my introduction serves as a personal touch to engage readers. My piece would be best suited the VCE cohort who have read the text The Quiet American by Graham Greene and have an informed knowledge of the Vietnam War and other mentions events as they are most likely have a greater understanding of the depth of thought and relevance of examples. Its main purpose is to reflect on the various aspects of encountering conflict and its significance in the world around us. Firstly, I concede that conflict is natural and that it enables us to progress as humans and society. Then I iterate the various forms of sacrifice necessary during the reconciliation process of conflict whilst also acknowledging that conflict has a cyclical nature and thus we need to sacrifice something greater in order to prevent future conflict. Furthermore, I explain the implications of sacrifice and conflict and demonstrate its ability to create positive outcomes that allow for growth and a reconsideration of what is important in life. Finally, the essay, which is based around why ‘sacrifice is often necessary to resolve conflict’, is relevant to many as undeniably,  we all face various forms of conflict at some point in our lives. It is also necessary that we manage conflict effectively and remain in touch with our own beliefs and values.

Good Behavior The History and Employment of Applied Behavioral Analysis - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1718 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/02/15 Category Career Essay Level High school Tags: Employment Essay Did you like this example? Autism Spectrum Disorder or ASD is a developmental disorder that affects behavior, communication, cognition, emotional intelligence, and sensory stimulation. Although one can be diagnosed with Autism at any age, it is considered a developmental disorder because symptoms generally appear and are diagnosed within in the first two years of life (National Institute of Mental Health, 2018). While ASD is very common with 1 in every 59 children being affected by Autism, each case has a unique combination of symptoms (Autism Speaks, 2018b). Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Good Behavior: The History and Employment of Applied Behavioral Analysis" essay for you Create order The list of symptoms associated with Autism is vast, some of the most common traits and actions include: difficulty or lack of interest in communicating with others, repetitive behaviors (such as self-stimulatory behavior â€Å"stimming† or echolalia), intense obsessive interests, hypersensitivity to light and sound, delayed accusation or lack of speech, self-injurious behavior, impulsivity, and inappropriate social interaction (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2018) (Rudy, 2018b) (National Autistic Society, 2018) (Edelson, 2000). The DSM-V divides individuals with ASD into three categories based on level of severity: Level 1 â€Å"Requiring support†, Level 2 â€Å"Requiring substantial support†, Level 3 â€Å"Requiring very substantial support† (Autism Speaks, 2018b). Other common disorders related to or also considered to be under the umbrella of ASD are: Asperger’s syndrome, Tourettes syndrome, Fragile X syndrome, Rhett syndrome, learning disabilities, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), epilepsy, dyspraxia, obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD), sleep problems, and sensory difficulties National Health Service, 2018) (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2018) (Autism Speaks, 2018c). Due to the wide range of symptoms that one can manifest, multilevel diagnostic criteria, and various related disorders that can qualify one for an ASD diagnosis and each individual case is just that, individual. Dr. Stephen Shore, a proud member of the ASD community himself and prominent professor of special education at Adelphi University, famously stated, â€Å"If youve met one person with autism, youve met one person with autism† to illustrate just how diverse the Autism spectrum is (Organization for Autism Research, 2018) (The International Board of Crede ntialing and Continuing Education Standards, 2018). The focus of this paper is the behavioral aspect of ASD and the most common treatment of inappropriate behavior as a result of Autism, Applied Behavioral Analysis or ABA therapy. ABA therapy is the leading method of treatment for ASD and the most widely endorsed, organizations such as the National Institute of Health, the Association for Science in Autism Treatment, as well as the U.S. Surgeon General all consider ABA the best course of treatment for ASD (Centria Autism Services, 2018). The core of ABA therapy is teaching children new skills by breaking them into smaller actions and positively reinforcing each progression towards the goal action. Success in ABA therapy is described as increasing behaviors that are helpful to the child and decreasing behaviors that are harmful to the child or negatively affect their learning (Autism Speaks, 2018a). There is no cure for Autism and ABA does not claim to â€Å"cure† children but rather aims to enhance their quality of life by teaching them valuable skills in communication, self-sufficiency, and emotional intelligence. The late Dr. Ivar Lovaas is credited as the father of ABA therapy. After earning his PhD in clinical psychology from the University of Washington in 1958 Lovaas began his career in applied psychology as an assistant professor at the University’s Child Development Institute under clinician Sidney Bijou—a student of zeitgeist of behavioralism, Dr. B.F. Skinner—during this time working under Bijou Lovaas developed his idea for a behavior-shaping form of therapy for children with ASD (Devita-Raeburn, 2016). In 1970 Lovaas launched the Young Autism Project and began putting ABA therapy into practice. Lovaas heavily focused on â€Å"normalizing† Autistic children and extinguishing behaviors that were considered overtly â€Å"Autism-like †. One such behavior his approach harshly discouraged was self-stimulatory behavior, also referred to as â€Å"stimming†Ã¢â‚¬â€a set of repetitive acts such as hand-flapping or other tics that ASD children use to dispel energy and anxiety (Devita-Raeburn, 2016) (Rudy 2018b). A regrettable part of the history of ABA was the corporal manner in which therapists were instructed to eliminate ASD behaviors. In the initial trials of ABA, therapists slapped, shouted at, taunted or even administered electrical shocks to children to reduce unwanted tics (Devita-Raeburn, 2016). Many opposers of ABA often reference such practices when expressing their dissent of ABA therapy but it is important to note that ABA as well as ethical regulations have both progressed immensely since the inauguration of Lovaas’ studies in the early 1970’s—contemporary ABA omits any type of positive punishment behavior shaping. Despite the unsavory and overly regimented implementation of the therapy, after the first 14 months of treatment his patients exhibited enormous improvements in suppression of inappropriate social behaviors as well as strides in behaviors; such as speech, play, and social nonverbal behavior—improvement in the children’s IQs were also recorded (Devita-Raeburn, 2016). As for my personal connection to the world of ABA therapy, I will be starting training in January to become a Registered Behavioral Therapist or an RBT. This will be my first experience in a professional field and I eager to begin. I have had several positions in which I gained experience working closely with children on the Autism spectrum and I hope to continue with this type of work after graduating. To become an RBT I must first complete 40-hours of training conducted by the Behavioral Analyst Certification Board and pass the RBT exam (Behavioral Analyst Certification Board, 2018). Upon passing I will be able to start working with clients directly, usual sessions are conducted in the home, which is reflective of the hybrid approach the agency I will be working for uses. At Gateway Learning Group principles of ABA are employed as well as strategies from programs such as Pivotal Response Treatment, Discrete Trial Training, and the Early Start Denver Model (Gateway Learning Group, 2018). As I have been conducting research for this assignment, I have come across multiple viewpoints on Autism treatment and ABA therapy in particular. When I originally came across negative viewpoints, I was worried to align myself with of a problematic type of treatment. After further research I have come to understand the prominent critiques of ABA are that it is marketed as the â€Å"only option† to parents and it is an attempt to change children in a derogatory way. To the first point, ABA is the most well-known and extensively peracted form of treatment because it came about fairly early. Before Lovaas, the main form of treatment for ASD was to be sent to an institution (which were very scary places back in 1950s), while Lovaas had a less than perfect approach e thically-speaking he did save generations of children from being sent to the â€Å"looney bin†. Additionally, it is difficult to run trials, and subsequently popularize, new forms of treatment because most parents have little interest in their child being a â€Å"guinea pig† for a new study or a be part of a control group and remain untreated. Secondly, I disagree with the claim that ABA is an insulting practice, most of the rhetoric I have come across that asserts such goes on to say that people with ASD should be regarded as â€Å"different† but not â€Å"atypical†Ã¢â‚¬â€yet those words are synonyms—and should not be undergo treatment to change their behavior. Personally I have nothing but compassion and respect for all the people in my family, social circle, and work environment with ASD and I do not look down on them or see them as needing to be â€Å"fixed† but seeking treatment to improve their social skills, self-sufficiency, and communication are all things that ultimate enrich their overall quality of life by enabling them to form de eper relationships, live more independently, and even obtain jobs to help support themselves. Bibliography Association for Play Therapy. (2018). Why play? Retrieved December 9, 2018, from https://www.a4pt.org/page/PTMakesADifference/Play-Therapy-Makes-a-Difference.htm Autism Speaks Inc. (2018a). Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA). Retrieved December 9, 2018, from https://www.autismspeaks.org/applied-behavior-analysis-aba-0 Autism Speaks Inc. (2018b). DSM-5 criteria. Retrieved December 9, 2018, from https://www.autismspeaks.org/dsm-5-criteria Autism Speaks Inc. (2018c). What is autism? Retrieved December 1, 2018, from https://www.autismspeaks.org/what-autism Behavioral Analyst Certification Board. (2018). RBT REQUIREMENTS. Retrieved December 9, 2018, from https://www.bacb.com/rbt/rbt-requirements/ Centria Autism Services. (2018). Applied Behavior Analysis Therapy ABA therapies, autism services | Centria Healthcare. Retrieved December 9, 2018, from https://www.centriaautism.com/aba-therapy.html Devita-Raeburn, E. (2016, August 15). The controversy over autisms most common therapy. Retrieved D ecember 9, 2018, from https://www.spectrumnews.org/features/deep-dive/controversy-autisms-common-therapy/ Edelson, S., Dr. (2000). Understanding and Treating Self-Injurious Behavior. 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